Coalition for Christian Colleges and Universities

Global Stewardship Initiative

Campus Activity Report

Northwestern College

FRED VAN DYKE, Assistant Professor of Biology, Department of Biology

fred@nwciowa.edu

Initial Involvement in the Global Stewardship Initiative and Activities of the Global Stewardship Initiative Task Force at Northwestern College: Dr. Robert Zwier, Vice President for Academic Affairs, wrote a proposal for inclusion of Northwestern College in the newly initiated Global Stewardship Initiative (GSI) in the spring of 1995 following consultation with Northwestern faculty active in issues of global stewardship. A favorable review of Dr. Zwier's proposal led to inclusion of Northwestern College among 12 institutions of the Coalition for Christian Colleges and Universities selected to participate in the initiative in June 1996.

Following Northwestern's inclusion in the GSI, a task force was established to provide guidance for development of a stewardship emphasis on campus in curricular and co-curricular activities. In addition to Dr. Zwier, the task force was composed of three faculty representatives and two student representatives. Faculty representatives are Fred Van Dyke, Assistant Professor of Biology, Eric Elder, Associate Professor of Business and Economics, and Michael Kugler, Assistant Professor of History. Original student representatives were Shawn Starkenburg (Biology) and Trig Johnson (History). Student representatives Trig Johnson and Shawn Starkenburg left the task force in the spring of 1996 due to graduation (Trig) or temporary withdrawal from college (Shawn). Jennifer Van Leeuwen, a senior majoring in Biology/Environmental Science and President of the Northwestern College Ecology Club, was named as one replacement. The second replacement will be a student from a major other than biology and will be chosen during the fall semester of 1996. Fred Van Dyke was chosen to chair the task force.

The task force concentrated on two major activities in the 1995-1996 academic year. First, the task force oversaw the selection of a Northwestern student for participation in the Student Leaders and Global Stewardship Study Program at the Jaguar Creek study site in Belize. Valerie Honig, a senior majoring in biology, was selected as the Northwestern representative. Second, the task force oversaw the development and submission of a mini-grant proposal by Fred Van Dyke and Eric Elder for the purchase and installation of Geographic Information System technologies for Northwestern College. Rob Robinson, Director of Computing Services, and Milo McDowell, Academic Systems Manager, attended meetings of the task force, as appropriate, to provide consultation and expertise relative to purchase, installation, use, and support of the GIS system.

At the invitation of Harold Heie, Director for the Center for Christian Studies, Wenham, Massachusetts, Senior Fellow of the Coalition of Christian Colleges and Universities, and Coordinator of the Global Stewardship Initiative, Northwestern College has accepted the invitation to host the 1998 Global Stewardship Initiative Workshop. The major goal of the task force for the 1996-1997 academic year is to make preparations for this workshop of the Global Stewardship Initiative, with the possible development of another, potentially concurrent conference on environmental stewardship that would be held on the Northwestern campus.

Curricular Development and Enrollment: Two new courses with stewardship emphases in professional resource management and environmental science, Plant Ecology (Biology 305) and Animal Ecology (Biology 325) were offered for the first time at Northwestern College during the 1995-1996 academic year. Both were taught by Dr. Fred Van Dyke, Assistant Professor of Biology at Northwestern and Associate Professor of Natural History at the Au Sable Institute of Environmental Studies, Michigan. The Animal Ecology course included a four-day trip to the Badlands and Wind Cave National Parks in South Dakota, and featured a meeting with Dr. Glen Plumb, Wildlife Research Biologist of Badlands National Park and Coordinator of the park's black-footed ferret reintroduction effort. Both courses are required for students majoring in Biology/Environmental Science, a program begun at Northwestern in the fall of 1994.

The college approved the Global Stewardship Study Program at Jaguar Creek, Belize as an official off-campus program of Northwestern College in April 1996. This action permits students of Northwestern College to receive full academic credit for courses in environmental studies taken at Jaguar Creek.

The Biology/Chemistry Work-In-Progress Research Seminar was begun in the spring semester of 1995. Although including presentations from students and faculty of Northwestern College and guest researchers actively engaged in all aspects of biological and chemical research, the seminar featured a number of presentations on research in the environmental sciences and provided an excellent forum for creative discussion on these and other research topics. The seminar was approved as an official course of the Biology and Chemistry Departments in the fall of 1995 and offered again, for credit, in the spring of 1996.

The Global Stewardship Task Force of Northwestern College helped to coordinate and enhance the use of a $3000 Global Stewardship Initiative Mini-Grant, written by Fred Van Dyke and Eric Elder, toward the purchase of Geographic Information System (GIS) Technology for Northwestern College. Additional contributions from the Departments of Business, Biology, and Computer Science, and from the college's Division of Computing Services, helped to purchase 10-site user licenses, with technical support, for the ATLAS GIS system, with primary application in business, economics, and the social sciences, and for the IDRISI GIS system, with primary application in the biological sciences. Dr. Ray Grizzle, Assistant Professor of Biology, Taylor University, Upland, Indiana, generously provided an excellent set of laboratory exercises to aid in teaching GIS techniques. GIS applications are expected to be included initially in courses in biology (Botany, Animal Ecology, Plant Ecology, and Plant Taxonomy) and in courses in business and economics (Principles of Marketing, Business Ethics, Agricultural Marketing, Current Economic Problems, International Economics, and Intermediate Microeconomics). Both the ATLAS and IDRISI systems will be installed during the 1996 Fall Semester and are expected to begin implementation in courses in the 1997 Spring Semester.

The Environmental Science Program at Northwestern College was featured in two full page ads in the January and March (1996) issues of Campus Life. The Environmental Science program will have its own web site on the InterNet by mid-September 1996.

In 1995, 9 students declared a major in Biology/Environmental Science. In 1996, enrollment had increased to 14 (56%). This was particularly encouraging in a year when overall college enrollment declined by 3 percent (1098 to 1060). Six incoming freshmen declared a major in Biology/Environmental Science in 1996 and two sophomores transferred into the program from other majors (theatre and chemical engineering). The eight incoming students (4 men, 4 women) represent much greater geographic diversity than the college at large, with only one coming from within the state. The other states represented in the program are Kansas (1), Minnesota (2), Nebraska (1), Wisconsin (2), and Wyoming (1). The diversity of states represented suggests that the national advertising and the focus on recruitment for the program at the national level is beginning to have some success, although most students are still coming from within the MIdwest.

Student Activities and Accomplishments: Five Northwestern students, Jason Mouw (Linden, WA), Jamie Schmeling (Miles City, MT), Carolyn Petit (Nanticoke, PA), Jennifer Van Leeuwen (Le Mars, IA), and Annalissa Johnson (Linn Grove, IA) attended a conference on Endangered Species and the Endangered Species Act in Washington, D. C., March 22-25, 1996. Sponsored by the Christian Environmental Association, students spent the weekend meeting with representatives from the Christian Environmental Association, the National Wildlife Federation, The Wilderness Society, and the Coalition for Christian Colleges and Universities hearing and discussing the content of the Endangered Species Act and the importance of proposed amendments to the Act currently before Congress. Students met with representatives from their own states, with the Northwestern delegation meeting with congressmen, senators, and their aides from four states (Washington, Montana, Pennsylvania, and Iowa). The efforts of these and other students were reported in the article, "Churches Take Up Environmental Call", by Heather DeWar of Knight-Ridder Newspapers, which was published, with a picture of Northwestern student Jamie Schmeling, in many of the countries leading newspapers, including The Boston Globe, The San Jose Sun Times, and The Columbus (Ohio) Dispatch. The Northwestern delegation was sponsored by grants from the Reformed Church in America, Northwestern College, and the Christian Environmental Association.

The Northwestern College Ecology Club voted to become an official student chapter of the Christian Environmental Association. Application for membership is being made in the fall of 1996. The club elected Jennifer Van Leeuwen to serve as president of the club during the 1996-1997 academic year.

Au Sable Participation, 1995 and 1996: Four students received grants-in-aid to attend the Au Sable Institute of Environmental Studies, Michigan in 1995. Josh Martinsen (Sheldon, IA) and Jennifer Van Leeuwen (Le Mars, IA) received grants to participate in the 1995 May term. Both took the course Woody Plants. Annalissa Johnson (Linn Grove, IA) received a grant to attend Summer Session I where she enrolled in the course Animal Ecology. Jennifer Messer (Forest City, IA), received a grant to attend the 1995 May term in which she took Natural History in Spring. Jennifer, a senior theatre major, was the first non-biology major from Northwestern to receive an Au Sable award.

In 1996, Jamie Schmeling served as Northwestern's Au Sable Institute of Environmental Studies Fellow for 1996. Fellows are a special category of students (one from each college) participating in the Au Sable program who have been judged to have superior academic ability, Christian commitment, and potential for future professional success in the field of environmental science. During her 5 weeks at Au Sable during Summer Session II, Jamie studied limnology (the physical and biological characteristics of lakes and streams) and participated in a special course for fellows, the Natural Resources Practicum. Scott Kosters (Sioux Falls, SD) received a grant-in-aid to attend the 1996 Au Sable May term, during which Scott took the course Woody Plants.

Brad Van Genderen (Linnville, IA) presented a paper, "Tropical Deforestation in Honduras: A Christian Perspective" at the 1995 National Student Colloquy on the Environment in Seattle, WA (April 14-17). Brad's paper was chosen as one of the ten most outstanding papers to be submitted to the Colloquy. Brad's travel and other expenses to the conference were supported by grants from the National Student Colloquy and Northwestern College.

1996 was a year of a number of notable "firsts" for students in the Environmental Science Program at Northwestern College. These included:

(1) Valerie Honig (Chicago, IL) served as Northwestern's first intern in the Global Stewardship Study Program at Jaguar Creek, Belize, where Valerie studied tropical forest ecology.

(2) Jason Mouw (Linden, WA) became the first graduate of Northwestern to earn a Bachelor's degree in Environmental Science (May 1996). Jason was accepted into and is currently enrolled in a master's program in Wildlife Ecology at Alaska Pacific University, Anchorage.

(3) The Environmental Science Program at Northwestern College received its first Norman Vincent Peale Scholarship Winner, Mitchell Engle (Nebraska City, NE). The Peale scholarship is Northwestern's largest and most competitive award. Twelve students received the Peale Scholarship after completion of competitive examinations and interviews involving 75 finalists.

(4) The Environmental Science Program at Northwestern College received its first high school valedictorian in Kristi Brouwer (Bronson, IA). Kristi earned a 4.0 GPA and was ranked first in her class of 49 graduates at Lawton-Bronson High School.

(5) Jamie Schmeling will be nominated as Northwestern's first candidate for the Morris Udall Scholarship. The Udall Scholarship, presented by the Morris K. Udall Excellence in National Environmental Policy Foundation, awards up to $5000 to students of outstanding academic and professional potential who intend to pursue careers related to environmental public policy. Approximately 55 students are chosen to receive the award from several thousand applicants. Jamie Schmeling's completed nomination materials will be submitted in January 1997. Results of the competition will be announced in May.

Campus Visits by Visiting Scholars in Environmental Science: Cal DeWitt, Director of the Au Sable Institute of Environmental Studies, visited the Northwestern Campus from April 28-May 1, 1995. Cal spoke in three chapels, several classes, was the guest of a television interview and a college dinner, was interviewed by two local newspapers, and led a field trip to an Iowa wetland.

L. Scott Ellis, Professor of Biology, Northeast Missouri State University, Kirksville, Missouri, was the special guest of the Northwestern Biology/Chemistry Seminar on March 29, 1995. Dr. Ellis presented his research on the nest utilization characteristics of the southern flying squirrel in Missouri. Dr. Ellis attended a luncheon afterwards, sponsored by the Northwestern Ecology Club, in which he spoke to interested students about graduate opportunities in Environmental Science at Northeast Missouri State University.

Tom Bultman, Professor of Biology and Chair of Graduate Studies in the Division of Science at Northeast Missouri State University, Kirksville, Missouri, was the special guest of the Northwestern Biology/Chemistry Seminar on March 27, 1995. Dr. Bultman presented his recent research on "The Costs of Mutualism in an Insect-Fungus Interaction". Following the seminar, Dr. Bultman attended a luncheon, sponsored by the Northwestern Ecology Club, in which he spoke to interested students about graduate opportunities in Environmental Science at Northeast Missouri State University.

Current Research Efforts in Environmental Science: In both 1995 and 1996 the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service supported Northwestern students engaged in research at two national wildlife refuges in Iowa. In 1995, three studies were conducted at the DeSoto National Wildlife Refuge near Missouri Valley, Iowa. Shawn Starkenburg (Rapid City, SD), Daron DeJong (Orange City, IA), and Jason Mouw (Linden, WA) studied the response of vegetation and bird communities to prescribed burning in tallgrass prairies (Shawn), the response of soras and Virginia rails to changes in water levels in managed wetlands (Daron), and the response of shorebirds to plowing and disking of mudflats in managed wetlands (Jason).

Due to a low density of rails at DeSoto, Daron's study was moved to the Union Slough National Wildlife Refuge near Titonka, Iowa in 1996. Jason's study was discontinued due to low populations of shorebirds at DeSoto. Jamie Schmeling assumed responsibilities for the grassland study in 1996. The studies were supported jointly by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service Cooperative Cost Share Program, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service Nongame Bird Research Program, and Northwestern College. Daron's rail study is now completed, but the study of plant and bird responses to prescribed burning is expected to continue in 1997.

Previous research efforts on studies of elk, moose, and fire ecology in Montana and Wyoming (1993 and 1994), funded by the U. S. Forest Service, The Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks, the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation, and Northwestern College began to come to fruition in publications that began to appear in 1995 (see next section).

Publications In Environmental Science

Faculty/Student Publications in Biology: Grant Van Beek, a 1995 graduate of Northwestern College in biology, Brenda Probert (formerly of the Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of New Hampshire, Durham) and Fred Van Dyke, Assistant Professor of Biology at Northwestern College, published two papers on the ecology of moose in the 1995 issue of the journal Alces, an international, peer-reviewed journal dedicated to the study of the biology and management of moose. The papers were entitled "Moose Home Range Fidelity and Core Area Characteristics in Southcentral Montana" and "Seasonal Habitat Use Characteristics of Moose in Southcentral Montana". The first paper measured the faithfulness of individual moose to the same home area over a four year period and the habitat characteristics of areas of intensive use within the home range ("core areas"), along with the management implications of home range fidelity and core area characteristics. The second paper described the differences in moose habitat choices in different seasons as well as differences in habitat choices between male and female moose, and the biological and management implications of these choices. Grant worked on the study of moose in Montana in 1993 and continued his analysis of the data as a junior scholar of Northwestern College in the 1993-1994 academic year under the supervision of Fred Van Dyke. Brenda Probert assisted in the study of moose in the summer of 1991 as an intern in the Wildlife Ecology Internship Program of the Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks. This program was directed by Fred Van Dyke, who then was a Wildlife Research Biologist of the Department.

Individually, Fred Van Dyke published a paper in the same issue of Alces on the microhabitat characteristics of moose activity sites (feeding, resting, travel) in winter in south-central Montana. A comparison of vegetative and physical characteristics of such sites compared to randomly selected sites helped to identify which habitat and landscape elements moose select for individual activities. All three papers were originally presented by Fred Van Dyke at the Thirty-First Annual North American Moose Conference in 1995 (April 30-May 4), held at Fundy National Park in New Brunswick, Canada. Abstracts of all three papers were published in the agenda and abstracts of the conference.

Grant Van Beek, Mike DeBoer (Firth, NE), a 1994 graduate of Northwestern College in biology, and Fred Van Dyke published Winter Range Plant Production and Elk Use Following Prescribed Burning in the Proceedings of the Symposium on The Ecological Implications of Fire in Greater Yellowstone, edited by Jason M. Greenlee, Executive Director of the International Association of Wildland Fire. This paper described the changes in plant production and forage value, along with changes in elk use, of sites on elk winter range following prescribed burning of the range. Mike and Grant worked on this project, in Montana, in the summer of 1993. The material was originally presented by Fred Van Dyke at the second biennial Yellowstone Scientific Symposium, The Ecological Implications of Fire in Greater Yellowstone, held 18-22 September 1993 in Mammoth, Wyoming in Yellowstone National Park. Mike and Grant also attended this conference and assisted with the presentation. The study revealed that forage values increased following burning, as did elk use of the sites. The authors used these results to describe a generalized model and optimum schedule for prescribed burning on winter ranges used by elk in these and similar conditions.The proceedings of the symposium were reviewed, edited, and published by the International Association of Wildland Fire.

Fred Van Dyke presented a paper, Contribution of Old-Growth Conifer Stumps to Plant Density and Diversity in a Michigan Forest, at the conference, "Fire Effects on Threatened and Endangered Species and Habitats", in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, November 13-16, 1996. The paper was co-authored by Noelle Gurley and Karensa Newton, both former biology majors from Houghton College, Houghton, NY and former students of The Au Sable Institute of Environmental Studies, Michigan. The conference was an international event sponsored by The International Association of Wildland Fire. This paper examined the role of stumps as microhabitat for particular forest understory species and the contribution of such stumps to overall density and diversity of the forest understory. The stumps examined in this study were preserved by burning (inadvertently) following a logging operation approximately 80 years ago. Following favorable peer review and revision, the paper was accepted for publication in the proceedings of the symposium, Fire Effects on Threatened and Endangered Species and Habitats, which is scheduled for publication in 1997.

Fred Van Dyke and Wendi Klein (Sioux Falls, SD) will publish a feature article in the November 1996 issue Journal of Mammalogy (Volume 77) entitled Response of Elk to Installation of Oil Wells. The article reports on Van Dyke's study of the response of a population of elk in south-central Montana to the installation of an oil drilling rig on the winter range of the elk. Wendi Klein served as junior author through her participation in the analysis of the data on movements of elk in response to the well during the summer of

1994 through a grant from the Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks, and Northwestern College. Journal of Mammalogy is an official, international, and peer-reviewed publication of the American Society of Mammalogists, and is considered one of world's leading publication sources for studies of primary research on mammals.

Gayle Van Tol (Rock Valley, IA), a 1995 graduate in biology from Northwestern College, and Fred Van Dyke contributed a chapter for the forthcoming book, Fire Management: A Comprehensive Synthesis, edited by Jason M. Greenlee and to be published by the International Association of Wildland Fire. Their chapter, Streams and Fire: The Effects of Fire on Stream Ecosystems, provides a literature review of the current knowledge of the effects of fire on plant and animal life in and around streams. Gayle Van Tol, the senior author, originally began her review as a paper for an assignment in her Ecology course at Northwestern College.

Fred Van Dyke contributed the species account of the margay (Felis weidi) to the forthcoming Complete Book of North American Mammals, scheduled for publication in 1997 by the Smithsonian Institute Press. The margay is a small, arboreal cat native to the rainforests of Central and South America. There is little published information on the margay, but it is believed to be declining in most parts of its range due to deforestation. The book is edited by D. E. Wilson and S. L. Ruff of the Smithsonian Institute, Washington, D. C. The book is a joint project of the Smithsonian Institute and The American Society of Mammalogists.

Other Faculty Publications

Fred Van Dyke continued to serve the Crossroads Foundation, a ministry of Evangelicals for Social Action, as a Henry Luce Scholar in 1995 and 1996. As a Luce Scholar, Van Dyke prepared a monograph on the role of Christian ethics in environmental policy entitled Christian Activism in Environmental Policy: Public Involvement and Professional Training in the Christian Community. The monograph describes a strategy for increased involvement of Christian environmental organizations through existing channels of public input established through the National Environmental Policy Act and calls for establishment of graduate education in environmental policy and resource management in the Christian academy. Van Dyke presented a summary of the monograph at the Crossroads Conference in July 1995, and presented a summary of the revised monograph at the Crossroads Conference in July 1996, both held on the campus of Eastern College, St. Davids, PA. Following further revision, the monograph is planned for publication in the Crossroads Monograph Series on Faith and Public Policy in 1997 and in Prism, a magazine published by Evangelicals for Social Action, in the same year.

Fred Van Dyke, Dave Mahan (Associate Director, Au Sable Institute of Environmental Studies), Joe Sheldon (Professor of Biology, Messiah College, Grantham, PA), and Ray Brand (Professor Emeritus of Biology, Wheaton College, Wheaton, IL) collaborated to produce the book, Redeeming Creation: The Biblical Basis for Environmental Stewardship, published by InterVarsity Press (March 1996). The book, written for a general Christian audience, describes the biblical principles of environmental stewardship, their relevance to the issues and controversies of current dilemmas of resource management, and their practical application at individual and corporate levels in Christian community. Since the book's publication, Van Dyke has been the guest of three radio talk shows to discuss the book. On EarthDay, April 22, 1996, he was the guest of the FrontPage radio show on WWIB FM radio, Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin, with station director Mark Halverson. On Friday, July 12, he was the guest of Lynn Ford on Mid-Morning, an hour long program of WBCL radio in Fort Wayne, Indiana. On September 12, he was the guest of WRBS radio of Baltimore, Maryland.

Mike Yoder, Professor of Sociology, contributed a chapter to a forthcoming book edited by Calvin R. Redekop, Toward a Sustainable World: An Anabaptist/Mennonite Contribution. Mike's chapter, "Mennonites, Economics, and the Care of Creation", surveys Amish and Mennonite consciousness and practices on the environment. A publisher for the book is still being sought.

Other Conferences in Environmental Science Attended by Faculty

Fred Van Dyke, Mike Kugler (Assistant Professor of History), and Eric Elder attended the 1995 meeting of the Global Stewardship Initiative (GSI) held at the Au Sable Institute of Environmental Studies near Mancelona, Michigan (August 17-21). All three plan to attend the October meeting of the GSI in Boston in 1996. At that meeting, Fred Van Dyke will lead a Mentoring Session for new representatives from newly included colleges in the GSI.

Fred Van Dyke attended the 1996 meeting of the Au Sable Academic Council as Northwestern's Faculty Representative. The meeting was held at the Au Sable Institute of Environmental Studies, Michigan, from August 15-August 18. Fred also attended the GSI Winter Research Seminar at Azusa Pacific University, March 13-17.

Faculty Contributions in Environmental Science: Editorial

Fred Van Dyke served as a reviewer for the journal Alces, a journal devoted to the biology and management of moose, a reviewer for the proceedings of the symposium The Ecological Implications of Fire in Greater Yellowstone, and as a reviewer for the Crossroads Monograph of Michael Christensen of Drew University, A Theological Understanding of Chernobyl, for the Crossroads Foundation.

APPENDIX I: PUBLICATIONS IN ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP BY NORTHWESTERN FACULTY AND STUDENTS

Environmental Science Publications in Biology

Journal Articles

Van Dyke, F. 1995. Microhabitat characteristics of moose winter activity sites in south-central Montana. Alces, 31:27-33.

Van Dyke, F., B. L. Probert, and G. M. Van Beek. 1995. Seasonal habitat use characteristics of moose in south-central Montana. Alces, 31:15-26.

Van Dyke, F., B. L. Probert, and G. M. Van Beek. 1995. Moose home range fidelity and core area characteristics in south-central Montana. Alces, 31:93-104.

Van Dyke, F. G., and W. C. Klein. 1996. Elk response to oil well installation in south-central Montana. Journal of Mammalogy, 77:1028-1041.

Book Contributions

Van Dyke, F. 1996. Margay (Felis wiedi). In D. E. Wilson and S. L. Ruff, eds. Complete Book of North American Mammals. Smithsonian Institute Press, Washington, D. C.In press.

Van Tol, G., and F. Van Dyke. 1996. Streams and fire: the effects of fire on stream ecosystems. In J.M. Greenlee, ed. Fire management: a comprehensive synthesis. International Association ofWildland Fire. Fairfield, WA. In press.

Symposia Proceedings

Van Dyke, F., M. J. DeBoer, and G. M. Van Beek. 1996. Winter range plant production and elk use following prescribed burning. Pages 193-200 In D. G. Despain, P. Schullery, and J. M. Greenlee, eds. Proceedings of the Conference on the Ecological Implications of Fire in Greater Yellowstone. International Association of Wildland Fire. Fairfield, WA.

Van Dyke, F., N. Gurley, and K. Newton. 1996. Contribution of stumps to plant density and diversity in a Michigan forest. Proceedings of the Symposium on Fire Effects On Threatened and Endangered Species and Habitats. International Association of Wildland Fire. Coeur d'Alene, Id. In press.

Published Abstracts

Van Dyke, F. 1995. Microhabitat characteristics of moose winter activity sites in south-central Montana. Page 27 In H. R. Timmermann and M. W. Lankester, eds. Agenda and abstracts, Intensive forest management and moose, thirty-first North American moose conference, 30 April-4 May. Fundy National Park, New Brunswick.

Van Dyke, F., B. L. Probert, and G. M. Van Beek. 1995. Moose habitat use characteristics in home ranges and core areas. Page 28 In H. R. Timmermann and M. W. Lankester, eds. Agenda and abstracts, Intensive forest management and moose, thirty-first North American moose conference, 30 April-4 May. Fundy National Park, New Brunswick.

Van Dyke, F., B. L. Probert, and G. M. Van Beek. 1995. Moose home range fidelity and core area characteristics. Page 29 In H. R. Timmermann and M. W. Lankester, eds. Agenda and abstracts, Intensive forest management and moose, thirty-first North American moose conference, 30 April-4 May. Fundy National Park, New Brunswick.

Van Dyke, F., N. Gurley, and K. Newton. 1995. Contribution of old-growth conifer stumps to plant density and diversity in a northern Michigan forest. Page 52 In J. Greenlee, ed. Agenda and abstracts, Conference on fire effects on threatened and endangered species and habitats. International Association of Wildland Fire. 13-16 November. Coeur d'Alene, Idaho.

Manuscripts Submitted

Van Dyke, F., and W. C. Klein. Examination of long-term range fidelity in three elk populations in south-central Montana. The Journal of Wildlife Management.

Yoder, M. L. Mennonites, Economics, and the Care of Creation. In Calvin R. Redekop, ed. Toward a sustainable world: an Anabaptist/Mennonite contribution.

Manuscripts in Preparation

Van Dyke, F. Winter-spring habitat and microhabitat selection in three populations of elk. Journal of Mammalogy.

Van Dyke, F., and W. C. Klein. Mechanisms of dispersal and range colonization in elk. The Journal of Wildlife Management.

Environmental Science Publications in Theology and Christian Education

Monographs

Van Dyke, F,. 1996. Christian activism in public environmental policy: exploring a new synthesis of public involvement and professional training in the Christian community. Crossroads Monograph Series in Faith and Public Policy. In press.

Books

Van Dyke, F., D. C. Mahan, J. K. Sheldon, and R. H. Brand. 1996. Redeeming Creation: The Biblical Basis for Environmental Stewardship. InterVarsity Press, Downers Grove, IL.

Presentations

Environmental Science Presentations in Biology: International Conferences

Van Dyke, F. Microhabitat characteristics of moose winter activity sites in south-central Montana. Thirty-first Annual North American Moose Conference. Fundy National Park, New Brunswick. 30 April-5 May 1995.

Van Dyke, F., B. L. Probert, and G. M. Van Beek. Moose habitat use characteristics in home ranges and core areas. Thirty-first Annual North American Moose Conference. Fundy National Park, New Brunswick. 30 April-5 May 1995.

Van Dyke, F., B. L. Probert, and G. M. Van Beek. Moose home range fidelity and core area characteristics. Thirty-first Annual North American Moose Conference. Fundy National Park, New Brunswick. 30 April-5 May 1995.

Van Dyke, F., N. Gurley, and K. Newton. Contribution of stumps to plant density and diversity in a Michigan forest. Symposium on Fire Effects On Threatened and Endangered Species and Habitats. International Association of Wildland Fire. Coeur d'Alene, Idaho. 13-16 November 1995.

Environmental Science Presentations in Theology and Christian Education: National Conferences

Van Genderen, B. Tropical deforestation in Honduras: A Christian Perspective. National Student Colloquy on the Environment. Seattle, Washington. 14-17 April 1995.

Van Dyke, F. Christian activism in public environmental policy: exploring a new synthesis of public involvement and professional training in the Christian community. Crossroads Conference. Eastern College, St. Davids, Pennsylvania. 27-30 July 1995.

Van Dyke, F. Christian activism in public environmental policy: exploring a new synthesis of public involvement and professional training in the Christian community (revised). Crossroads Conference. Eastern College, St. Davids, Pennsylvania. 25-28 July 1996.